Philosophy Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Conditional: A conditional in logic is a statement that asserts a relationship between two propositions, typically in an "if-then" format. It states that if the antecedent is true, then the consequent must also be true. In contrast to (purely formal) implication, the conditional refers to the content of the propositions. See also Implication._____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Logic Texts on Conditional - Dictionary of Arguments
II 112 Conditional/Hoyningen-Huene: belongs to the object language Conclusion: (logical implication): belongs to the meta level Conditional: is also called (material) implication. - It is a linking of statements. >>Conclusion, >Implication, >Meta language, >Object language. - - - Read III 79 Given that Edmund is a coward, it follows that he is either a coward or - whatever you want. But just from the fact that he is a coward it does not follow that if he is not a coward - whatever you want. III 86f Conditional Clause/Conditional/Truth-Functional/Read: if a conditional clause is treated as truth-functional, there are problems. >paradox of implication. Then the whole sentence is true if the antecedent is false. Conversationalist Defense: such a sentence should not be asserted. >Assertibility. III 92 Jackson: in conditional clauses, the modus ponens comes into play. >modus ponens. III 93 Conditional clauses are not robust (insensitive to additional knowledge) with regard to the falsity of their rear parts. III 94 Assertibility: is applied to the sub-sentences, not only to the whole conditional clause! - If assertibility counts, conditional clauses are no longer truth functional. III 103 The analysis of the possible world deviates from the truth-functional one when the if-clause is false. The fact that Edmund is a coward did not automatically mean that the conditional clause is true. III 105 Similarity analysis: a number of logical principles that are classically valid fails here. E.g., the (Def) Counter-position: that "If B, then not-A" follows from "if A, then not-B". (inter alia IV 41) The similar world in which it rains may very well be one in which it rains only slightly. But the most similar world where it rains heavily cannot be one in which it does not rain. III 220 Conditional clauses: are statements. (Grice) No statements: Stalnaker's question: conditional clause truth-functional? Def truth-functional: 1 counter-example invalidates. >Truth function. Grice: Conditional clauses are statements. StalnakerVsGrice: conditional clauses are not statements. (Pretty radical). - The camps are about equally strong. III 220/21 Conditional Clauses/Conditional/Read: the assertion that they are truth-functional says that a counter-example for the falsity of the conditional clause is not only sufficient but also necessary. - If there is no counter-example, then it is true. - This leads us to believe in sharp cuts in Sorites. >Sorites._____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Logic Texts Me I Albert Menne Folgerichtig Denken Darmstadt 1988 HH II Hoyningen-Huene Formale Logik, Stuttgart 1998 Re III Stephen Read Philosophie der Logik Hamburg 1997 Sal IV Wesley C. Salmon Logic, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey 1973 - German: Logik Stuttgart 1983 Sai V R.M.Sainsbury Paradoxes, Cambridge/New York/Melbourne 1995 - German: Paradoxien Stuttgart 2001 Re III St. Read Thinking About Logic: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Logic. 1995 Oxford University Press German Edition: Philosophie der Logik Hamburg 1997 |
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> Counter arguments against Logic Texts
> Counter arguments in relation to Conditional
Ed. Martin Schulz, access date 2024-04-27